Nicotine
Uses of Nicotine
The primary use of Nicotine is to assist in quitting smoking. It belongs to the class of medications known as smoking cessation agents.
It can also be used to manage conditions such as Parkinson's disease, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and other cognitive disorders in older adults.
Side effects of Nicotine
Dizziness
Headache
Throat irritation
How Nicotine works
Nicotine is a stimulant found naturally in tobacco and belongs to the class of medications known as smoking cessation agents.
It binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors present in the brain, thereby imitating the actions of acetylcholine, a significant neurotransmitter. When Nicotine is used in nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products during smoking cessation, it lessens cravings and withdrawal symptoms. It accomplishes this by encouraging the release of dopamine and other neurotransmitters associated with feelings of pleasure and reward.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Nicotine is available to be used orally (gums and lozenges), transdermal routes (patches), nasal mucosa (spray), and oral mucosa (inhaler).
Age and Dose Restrictions
Nicotine replacement therapy is intended for adults only.
Contraindications
Nicotine replacement therapy is contraindicated in individuals with known allergies to nicotine. It is also contraindicated for non-smokers, occasional smokers, and individuals with unstable cardiovascular conditions such as a recent heart attack, severe arrhythmia or recent stroke.
Other Medications to Avoid
This medicine may interact with antidepressants (such as bupropion and nortriptyline), antipsychotics (such as clozapine and olanzapine), benzodiazepines (like diazepam and alprazolam), and beta-blockers (such as atenolol and propranolol).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Overdosing on Nicotine can cause symptoms such as palpitations, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, sweating, headache, dizziness, hearing problems, and confusion. In severe cases, it could lead to seizures and even death. If you suspect an overdose, seek immediate medical attention.
If you miss a dose of Nicotine replacement therapy product, take it as soon as you remember. However, avoid doubling up on doses to make up for a missed one.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects are temporary and generally harmless and resolve when discontinuing this medicine. However, if you experience any severe side effects or worsening of any of the symptoms, please consult your doctor.
Replacing the nicotine patch at a different skin site daily can help prevent skin irritation.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Nicotine replacement therapy may cause dizziness in some individuals. Hence, it is advised to avoid driving or operating heavy machinery until you know how this medication affects you.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
Caution is advised when using Nicotine replacement therapy during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Caution in Other Conditions
Individuals with heart disease, high blood pressure, or diabetes should exercise caution when using Nicotine replacement therapy and consult their doctor before use.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
Establish a routine for physical activity, as it can help reduce cravings for nicotine.
Establish new habits and hobbies to keep your mind off smoking.
Start practising stress management techniques such as deep breathing, yoga, or meditation to help manage cravings.
Frequently asked questions
Can using Nicotine aid in weight loss?
No, Nicotine should not be used as a weight loss aid. While nicotine can temporarily suppress appetite, it is not a safe or effective method for weight management.
How does Nicotine help in smoking cessation?
Nicotine helps in smoking cessation by providing a controlled dose of the substance that smokers are addicted to. This helps reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms associated with quitting smoking.
Are there alternatives to Nicotine for smoking cessation?
Yes, there are alternatives to Nicotine for smoking cessation. These include medications like varenicline and bupropion.
Is it safe to take Nicotine daily?
It is safe to take Nicotine daily as per a doctor's instruction and within the recommended dosage to assist in smoking cessation.
Can Nicotine cause mood changes?
Yes, nicotine can cause mood changes. It acts on the brain to release dopamine, a neurotransmitter associated with pleasure and reward. This can result in mood elevation shortly after use.
Can I become addicted to Nicotine replacement products?
Nicotine replacement products are designed to help you quit smoking and are less addictive than cigarettes. However, they still contain nicotine, which is an addictive substance. Therefore, they should be used under the guidance of a doctor.
Can Nicotine be purchased over the counter, or do I need a prescription?
Nicotine replacement therapy products are generally available over the counter without a prescription, but it is advisable to consult your doctor before starting any new medication.
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