Metronidazole
ANTIBIOTICUses of Metronidazole
- Metronidazole is used to treat bacterial and protozoal infections, including septicemia, bacteraemia, and infections of the central nervous system, pelvis, bones, and reproductive system.
- It is also used for postpartum infections and to prevent bacterial infections after surgery.
Side effects of Metronidazole
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Hot flushes
- Palpitations
How Metronidazole works
Metronidazole, classified as a nitroimidazole, exhibits antibacterial efficacy within anaerobic environments, particularly against most obligate anaerobes. It undergoes reduction following passive diffusion into the organism and subsequent activation in the cytoplasm of susceptible anaerobic bacteria. This reduction process involves intracellular electron transport proteins like ferredoxin, electron transfer to the nitro group of metronidazole, and the generation of a transient nitroso free radical. The reduced form of metronidazole and resultant free radicals can interact with DNA, inhibiting DNA synthesis and promoting DNA degradation, ultimately leading to bacterial death.
Certified content
Written By
B. Pharm
Reviewed By
B. Pharm, MSc.
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
- Metronidazole is available for use via the oral route (capsules and tablets).
Age and Dose Restrictions
- Metronidazole is meant for adults and children above 6 years of age.
Contraindications
- Metronidazole is contraindicated in patients with known allergies to Metronidazole and who have a history of renal disease.
Other Medications To Avoid With This Medicine
- The use of Metronidazole is contraindicated with HIV medications (amprenavir), anticoagulant medications (anisindione, dicumarol, warfarin), specific live vaccinations (BCG, cholera vaccine live, typhoid vaccine live), anti-cancer medication (busulfan), and medications containing ethanol. Before initiating any prescription or over-the-counter medications, seeking consultation with a doctor is imperative.
Overdose and Missed Dose
- Overdose of Metronidazole may cause symptoms like nausea, vomiting, loss of muscle coordination, numbness, pain, burning or tingling in your hands or feet and seizures. If you observe these symptoms, inform your doctor and follow the advice accordingly.
- If you forget to take a dose of this medicine, take it as soon as you remember. But avoid repeating the dose.
Use In Driving And Operating Machinery
- Metronidazole may affect your ability to drive or operate heavy machinery. Avoid driving if you feel dizzy after taking this combination.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
- Metronidazole is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
Special Dietary & Lifestyle Recommendation
- People dealing with microbial infections are advised to contemplate lifestyle adjustments, including dietary modifications such as adopting foods known for their antimicrobial properties, such as garlic, ginger, turmeric, honey along with Metronidazole.
Frequently asked questions
How much time does Metronidazole take to work?
It starts showing its effects within a few hours after consumption.
What warnings and precautions should I take while taking Metronidazole?
Avoid using this medication in the presence of known hypersensitivity or allergic reactions to Metronidazole. Refrain from taking this medication if alcohol is consumed, as a potential interaction may elevate the risk of severe adverse effects. It is advisable to seek medical attention in such circumstances promptly.
Can I stop taking Metronidazole if I feel healthy?
Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor, even if you feel healthy.
Is it safe to take Metronidazole in patients with kidney or liver issues?
Consult your doctor before taking this medication if you have kidney or liver issues to ensure its safety and proper dosage.
Will Metronidazole affect contraception?
This medication does not affect contraception.Â
Metronidazole in other salts
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