Hydrocortisone
Uses of Hydrocortisone
Hydrocortisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid.
It is primarily used to manage inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, allergies, and skin conditions like eczema and psoriasis.
It is also used in the management of endocrine disorders such as Addison's disease and congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
Hydrocortisone can be used as part of chemotherapy regimens and to reduce inflammation associated with certain types of cancers.
In autoimmune diseases like lupus, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease, Hydrocortisone can help control symptoms by suppressing the immune system.
Hydrocortisone can also be used in severe infections to prevent septic shock and reduce inflammation.
Side effects of Hydrocortisone
Weight gain
Thin skin
Swelling
High blood pressure
Mood changes
How Hydrocortisone works
Hydrocortisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid.
It works by imitating the effects of the body's natural hormones produced by the adrenal glands. It binds to specific receptors inside cells, setting off a series of reactions that lead to anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.
Hydrocortisone reduces inflammation by slowing down the production of substances that trigger inflammation, such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
It also stops immune cells from moving to areas where inflammation is happening.
Certified content
Written By
Doctor of Medicine
Reviewed By
BMS, FMC, MD Resident
Expert Advice
Dosage Forms Available
Hydrocortisone is available as tablets, capsules, and liquid suspensions and is taken orally.
Age and Dose Restrictions
Hydrocortisone is typically prescribed for adults.
Its use in children is limited due to potential side effects such as growth retardation.
Contraindications
This medication is contraindicated in patients with active fungal infections, active tuberculosis, eye infections caused by the herpes simplex virus, severe osteoporosis, severe mental health conditions, kidney problems, and liver diseases. It is also contraindicated in individuals receiving any live virus vaccination.
Other Medications to Avoid
Hydrocortisone may interact with CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., phenytoin, rifampin), CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, ritonavir), NSAIDs (e.g., aspirin, ibuprofen), oral anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin), and antidiabetic agents (e.g., metformin).
Overdose and Missed Dose
Taking too much Hydrocortisone can lead to symptoms such as weight gain, thinning skin, and changes in the shape or location of body fat. If you think you've taken too much, consult your doctor immediately.
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. But if it's almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule.
Management of Side Effects
Most side effects of Hydrocortisone are temporary, and they go away once you stop taking this medicine. However, if any side effects become severe or if your symptoms worsen, please contact your doctor.
Use in Driving and Operating Machinery
Hydrocortisone can sometimes cause dizziness or changes in vision. If you experience these side effects, do not drive or operate heavy machinery until these effects have worn off.
Use in Pregnancy and Lactation
If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, consult your doctor before starting Hydrocortisone. It should only be used if the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
Caution in Other Conditions
If you have kidney disease or liver disease, you should exercise caution when taking Hydrocortisone. Your doctor may need to adjust your dose to suit your condition.
Special Dietary and Lifestyle Recommendations
While taking Hydrocortisone, it's important to follow a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D to counteract the risk of bone loss (osteoporosis).
Limiting salt intake can help manage fluid retention and high blood pressure, which are potential side effects of Hydrocortisone.
Regular exercise can also help maintain bone strength and manage weight gain associated with Hydrocortisone use.
Frequently asked questions
Can I take Hydrocortisone with herbal supplements?
Herbal supplements may interact with Hydrocortisone. Consult your doctor before you take any herbal supplements.
How quickly does Hydrocortisone start to work?
Hydrocortisone starts to work within a few hours. However, the timing may vary from individual to individual and on the conditions for which it is being given.
Can I take Hydrocortisone with food?
Yes, you can take Hydrocortisone with food. It is best to take it at the same time each day to maintain a consistent level of medicine in your body.
Is Hydrocortisone an antibiotic?
No, Hydrocortisone is not an antibiotic.
How should I store Hydrocortisone?
You should store Hydrocortisone at room temperature, away from heat, moisture, and light. Always keep it out of the reach of children.
Is Hydrocortisone available over the counter?
Some forms of Hydrocortisone, such as low-strength creams and ointments, are available over the counter. However, higher-strength formulations and oral or injectable forms are prescription-only.
Does Hydrocortisone affect mood?
Yes, Hydrocortisone can affect your mood. Some people may experience mood swings, anxiety, or depression while taking this medicine. If you notice any changes in your mood or behavior, consult your doctor.
Hydrocortisone in other salts
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